Summarize how technology can make American firms more productive and competitive in the global marketplace.
Productivity is the average level of output per worker per hour. From 1979 to 2011, U.S. productivity growth averaged a 4.2% increase. More specifically, productivity in 2011 increased 2%. Although a 2% increase was lower when compared to our average productivity growth over the 1979 to 2011 time period, 11 other nations that the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics tracks each year had larger growth in productivity than the United States.
Several factors must be considered if U.S. firms are going to increase productivity and their ability to compete in the global marketplace.
Automation, the total or near-total use of machines to do work, has for some years been changing the way work is done in factories. A growing number of industries are using programmable machines called robots. Computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing, and computer-integrated manufacturing use computers to help design and manufacture products.
A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) combines electronic machines and CIM to produce smaller batches of products more efficiently than on the traditional assembly line. Instead of having to spend vast amounts of time and effort to retool the traditional mechanical equipment on an assembly line for each new product, an FMS is rearranged simply by reprogramming electronic machines.
An FMS is sometimes referred to as an intermittent process.
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