Historical Perspectives on Motivation: Theory X
• Generally consistent with Taylor's scientific management
• Employees dislike work and will function only in a controlled work environment
Keywords:
Attitude toward work - Dislike
Control Systems - External
Supervision - Direct
Level of Commitment - Low
Employee Potential - Ignored
Use of Human Resources - Limited
Historical Perspectives on Motivation: Theory Y
• Generally consistent with the human relations movement• Employees accept responsibility and work toward organizational goals if they will also achieve personal rewards
Keywords:
Attitude toward work - Involvement
Control Systems - Internal
Supervision - Indirect
Level of Commitment - High
Employee Potential - Identified
Use of Human Resources - Not Limited
Historical Perspectives on Motivation:Theory Z
Some middle ground between Ouchi's Type A (American) and Type J (Japanese) practices is best for American business
Emphasis is on participative decision making with a view of the organization as a family
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